Investigation of in vitro amoebicidal activities of Ornithogalum sigmoideum on Acanthamoeba castellanii cysts and trophozoites

Abstract

Aim: In this study, amoebicidal activity of methanol and ringer extracts obtained from Ornithogalum sigmoideum against Acanthamoeba castellanii cyst and trophozoite forms was investigated by determining cell viability percentage and IC50 values. Material and Methods: The in vitro amoebicidal activities methanolic (1%) and Ringer extracts of O. sigmoideum prepared at varying concentrations (in the range of 40 mg/ml -1.25 mg/ml) on A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts were investigated. Results: IC50 results observed at 1st, 3rd, 6th, 8th, 24th, 48th and 72nd hours in A. castellanii trophozite form were 23.2, 15.6, 12.1, 10.1, 8.3, 6.6 and 2.9 mg/ml by using the methanolic extract of O. sigmoideum, and 24.2, 16.7. 13.3, 11.9, 8.9, 8.4 and 7.3, mg/ml by using the Ringer extract ofsigmoideum respectively. The 40 mg/ml methanolic extract of O. sigmoideum killed all trophozoites at 48th and 72nd hours. The % viability rate at 72nd hour when using the Ringer extract of O. sigmoideum was 2.0±0.0. Conclusion: The methanolic extract was found to be more effective than the Ringer extract on Acanthamoebatrophozoites. The sensitivity of A. castellanii cysts to both extracts was not very different from each other, and the sensitivity of trophozoites to both extracts was higher than that of cysts. The methanolic extracts of O. sigmoideum can be used as an alternative treatment option or in combination with other therapies for treating Acanthamoeba infections. In addition, Ringer extract of O. sigmoideum can also be used as an alternative to the methanolic extract.