Assessment of antibiotic resistance rates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii strains isolated in intensive care units between 2014 and 2017

Abstract

Aim: Non-fermenter microorganisms are commonly found in hospital environments and the treatment of infections caused by these pathogens is becoming difficult due to increasing resistance developing against antimicrobials. This study aimed to identify the resistance status of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii isolates against a variety of antimicrobial agents. Clinical samples taken from patients admitted to the adult intensive care units of Ordu University Education and Research Hospital. Material and Methods: Antibiogram results for 162 P.aeruginosa and 380 A.baumannii isolates obtained from a variety of clinical samples taken from the intensive care units from January 2014 to December 2017 were retrospectively assessed. The definition of the isolates and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were studied with a VITEK 2 Compact system. Results: At our hospital, the two bacteria were most commonly isolated in respiratory tract samples. The second-highest incidence for P.aeruginosa was in urine samples and for A.baumannii strains was in blood samples. The resistance rates of P.aeruginosa strains were observed to reduce in the last two years and this change was statistically significant for cefepime, imipenem, meropenem and ciprofloxacin. There was no change in the resistance of A.baumannii strains to antibiotics used routinely during the years. Conclusion: P.aeruginosa and A.baumannii have high antibiotic resistance and are microorganisms that rapidly develop resistance during treatment. As resistance development may vary in each hospital, determination of resistance phenotype in each center will be an indicator in terms of being able to administer effective and appropriate treatment.