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Abstract Objective This research aims to examine the effect of playing games with toys made of medical materials in children with cancer on pain that occurs during intravenous (IV) treatment. Methods The randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted between May 2016 and February 2018. The study sample comprised 110 children (experimental group 55; control group 55), determined using power analysis from the study population. The data were collected by the researcher, using face-to-face interview techniques, the Information Form, and Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale (WBS). Results The pre- and post-test pain mean scores of patients in the experimental group were 2.27 ± 0.91 and 0.43 ± 0.66, respectively (p = 0.0001). The pre- and post-test pain mean scores of patients in the control group were 1.72 ± 0.82 and 3.34 ± 0.77, respectively (p = 0.0001). Significance of results The experience of playing with toys made from materials used for invasive procedures relieves pain the during IV treatment. Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press